Nazari na Tarayya ya Nuna Chemistry na Ƙasa yana Tasirin Mahimman Abubuwan Halitta a cikin Cannabis
Wani sabon binciken da gwamnatin tarayya ta ba da tallafi ya nuna cewa abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin tsire-tsire na cannabis suna da tasiri sosai ta hanyar sinadaran ƙasa da ake shuka su.
Masu bincike sun bayyana a cikin wata takarda da aka buga a kwanan nan a cikin mujallar kimiyya da aka sake dubawa *Journal of Medicinally Active Plants*: "Binciken wannan binciken ya ba wa masu shuka a waje bayanin yadda lafiyar ƙasa ke shafar cannabinoid da abun ciki na terpene a cikin cannabis. Rashin ƙarancin ƙasa yana nuna yana haifar da mafi girma abun ciki na THC, yayin da mafi girman ƙasa na iya haifar da haɓaka matakan farko na cannabinoid CB G.
Wannan binciken ya nuna cewa masu shuka za su iya daidaita matakan cannabinoid na amfanin gona ba kawai ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta ba har ma ta yanayin ƙasa da gudanarwa.
Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Amurka (USDA) Cibiyar Abinci da Aikin Noma ta ƙasa ce ta jagoranci binciken kuma Kwalejin Magunguna ta Jihar Penn da kuma kamfanin lasisin cannabis na jihar PA Options for Wellness.
Masu binciken sun yi niyyar kwatanta nau'ikan cannabis guda biyu, 'Tangerine' da 'CBD Stem Cell', waɗanda aka girma a cikin amfanin gona (CC) da filayen noma na al'ada (CF), bi da bi. Marubutan binciken sun rubuta cewa: "Wannan bincike ya mayar da hankali ne musamman kan fannin kiwon lafiyar kasa, inda aka yi kokarin kwatanta wadannan nau'ikan filayen guda biyu. An dasa nau'ikan tabar wiwi biyu a gonaki biyu da ke makwabtaka da su: daya filin da aka saba da shi tare da noman kasa, dayan kuma gonakin da ba ya noma."
"Ta hanyar kwatanta tsantsa daga nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan cannabis guda biyu da aka girma a cikin ƙasa na CC da CF, binciken ya sami bambance-bambance masu yawa a cikin tarin takamaiman cannabinoids da terpenes."
Abubuwan da ke cikin cannabidiol (CBD) a cikin 'Tangerine' cultivar da aka girma a cikin ƙasa ta al'ada ya kai kusan sau 1.5 fiye da na 'CBD Stem Cell' cultivar da aka girma a cikin ƙasan amfanin gona; duk da haka, akasin haka ya kasance ga cultivar 'CBD Stem Cell' - abun ciki na CBD ya ninka sau biyu a filin amfanin gona. Bugu da ƙari kuma, a cikin filin amfanin gona na murfin, abin da ke cikin cannabinoid CBG na farko ya kasance sau 3.7 mafi girma, yayin da babban mahallin psychoactive a cikin cannabis, THC, ya kasance sau 6 mafi girma a filin noma.
"A zahiri, lafiyar ƙasa yakamata ta mai da hankali ba kawai ga abubuwan da ba su da tushe na ƙasa amma har ma da halayen halittunta da kuma ikonta na tallafawa rayuwar shuka."
Masanan kimiyya sun kammala cewa: "An lura da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin abun ciki na cannabinoid tsakanin nau'ikan filayen da kuma cultivars, musamman a matakan cannabidiol (CBD)."
Marubutan sun lura cewa matakan cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) sun haura sau shida a cikin cannabis girma ta amfani da hanyoyin noma na al'ada. Takardar ta ce: "A cikin CC tsantsa na 'Tangerine' cultivar, abun ciki na CBD ya ninka sau 2.2 fiye da yadda ake cire CF na 'CBD Stem Cell' cultivar; a cikin CC tsantsa na 'CBD Stem Cell' cultivar, abun ciki na cannabigerol (CBG) ya kasance sau 3.7 mafi girma; kuma a cikin varTanger, cirewar cultivar. Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) abun ciki ya kasance sau 6 mafi girma."
Lafiyar ƙasa da gaske tana nufin yanayin girma shuka. Kwayoyin da ke cikin ƙasa na iya yin tasiri kai tsaye wajen samar da cannabinoids da terpenes waɗanda tsire-tsire ke amfani da su don tsaro, sadarwa, da gasa.
Ƙasa da kanta wani yanayi ne wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, ma'adanai, da kwayoyin halitta, waɗanda ke ba da abinci mai gina jiki da sadarwa tare da tushen shuka. Ayyuka kamar su noman noma da noma sanannu ne don haɓaka wannan hanyar sadarwa ta halitta da haɓaka riƙewar carbon da hawan keke na gina jiki. Wannan sabon binciken yana ƙara haɓakar sinadarai na shuka zuwa jerin abubuwan da ƙasa ke iya tasiri.
Sabili da haka, duk da bambance-bambancen kwayoyin halitta tsakanin cultivars na cannabis, rufe filayen amfanin gona na iya taimakawa rage bambance-bambancen abun ciki na terpene. Wadannan sakamakon sun kara ba da wata muhimmiyar ma'amala tsakanin kwayoyin halittar cannabis cultivars da tasirinsu a kan ci gaban ƙasa…
A lokaci guda, marubutan sun yi gargadin cewa ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don tantance "matakan enzymes da ke da alhakin canza CBG zuwa CBD, THC, da CBC," wanda zai iya ba da alamun dalilin da yasa matakan CBG ya fi girma a cikin filayen amfanin gona.
Marubutan sun lura: "Lokacin da ake tattaunawa game da biosynthesis na waɗannan mahadi, binciken ya kwatanta abubuwan da aka raba tsakanin cannabinoids da terpenoids, da kuma shaidar bambancin kwayoyin halitta a cikin takamaiman enzyme synthases na mutum cannabinoids da terpenoids."
Takardar ta lura: "Wannan shine bincike na farko kan bambance-bambance a cikin abubuwan da ake samu a waje da ake shuka cannabis a cikin yanayin ƙasa daban-daban."
Wannan yanayin ya zo yayin da hankali yana ƙara mai da hankali kan mafi kyawun ayyuka don noman cannabis. A farkon wannan shekara, wani ma'aikacin hemp na masana'antu ya ba da shawarar cewa faɗaɗa sarkar samar da hemp na South Dakota zai jawo ƙarin ƙananan masana'antu da masana'antu zuwa jihar kuma yana iya kawar da iskar gas ɗin carbon dioxide yadda ya kamata daga sararin samaniya.
A halin yanzu, masana kimiyya suna gudanar da ƙarin bincike don gano abubuwan ban mamaki daban-daban na cannabis. Misali, a karon farko, masu binciken sun gudanar da wani cikakken nazari mai jagoranci na azanci kan abubuwan da ke da wari a cikin busassun furannin cannabis, inda suka gano wasu sinadarai da ba a san su ba a baya wadanda suka zama kamshin shuka na musamman. Waɗannan sabbin binciken sun faɗaɗa fahimtar kimiyya game da shukar cannabis fiye da sanin gama gari na terpenes, CBD, da THC.
Dangane da takaddun farar fata guda biyu da aka buga kwanan nan, binciken daya ya nuna cewa yadda ake sarrafa cannabis bayan girbi - musamman, yadda ake bushe shi kafin shiryawa - yana tasiri sosai ga ingancin samfur, gami da adana terpenes da trichomes.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-10-2025